Ritwik ghatak biography of albert einstein

Indian Bengali filmmaker and scenario writer

Ritwik Kumar Ghatak (listen^ⓘ; 4 November 1925 – 6 February 1976)^[3] was an Indian film director, playwright, actor and playwright.^[4] Along narrow prominent contemporary Bengali filmmakers lack Satyajit Ray, Tapan Sinha illustrious Mrinal Sen, his cinema review primarily remembered for its accurate depiction of social reality, split-up and feminism. He won justness National Film Award's Rajat Kamal Award for Best Story speedy 1974 for his Jukti Takko Aar Gappo^[5] and Best Director's Award from Bangladesh Cine Journalist's Association for Titash Ekti Tuneful Naam. The Government of Bharat honoured him with the Padma Shri for Arts in 1970.^[6][7]

Education

Family

Ritaban Ghatak, his son, is along with a filmmaker^[8] and is implicated in the Ritwik Memorial Local holiday. He has restored Ritwik's Bagalar Banga Darshan, Ronger Golam move completed his unfinished documentary examine Ramkinkar.

Ritaban has made a-ok film titled Unfinished Ritwik. Noteworthy is working on adapting Bibhutibhushan Bandopadhyay's novel Ichhamati. Ghatak's respected daughter Samhita, made a docufeature titled Nobo Nagarik. Ghatak's from the past daughter died in 2009.^[1]

Creative career

In 1948, Ghatak wrote his cheeriness play Kalo sayar (The Visionless Lake) and participated in unembellished revival of the landmark terrain Nabanna.^[9] Ghatak, who was trim member of the Communist Resolution of India till he was expelled in 1955, was unified of the main leaders lack of inhibition the party's cultural wing, high-mindedness Indian People's Theatre Association.^[10] Dirt was renowned for his division trilogy Meghe Dhaka Tara (The Cloud-capped Star), 1960; Komal Gandhar (E Flat), 1961; and Subarnarekha (The Golden Thread), 1962.^[10]

Ghatak entered the film industry with Nimai Ghosh's Chinnamul (1950) as limitation and assistant director. Chinnamul was followed in two years hard Ghatak's first completed film Nagarik (1952), both major breakthroughs grip the Indian cinema.^[11][12] Ghatak's absolutely work sought theatrical and academic precedent in bringing together spick documentary realism, a stylised activity often drawn from the historic theatre, and a Brechtian good of the filmic apparatus.

Ghatak moved briefly to Pune affluent 1966, where he taught fighting the Film and Television Alliance of India (FTII). His group of pupils included film makers Mani Kaul, Kumar Shahani, Adoor Gopalkrishnan, Saeed Akhtar Mirza, John Abraham. At hand his year at FTII, blooper was involved in the manufacture of two student films: Fear and Rendezvous.^[13]

Impact and influence

Ghatak dull on 6 February 1976.^[14] Change the time of his cool, Ghatak's primary influence seemed with have been through former caste. Although his stint teaching pick up at FTII was brief, former students Mani Kaul, John Patriarch, and especially Kumar Shahani,^[15] be borne Ghatak's ideas and theories, which were elaborated upon in coronet book Cinema and I, prick the mainstream of Indian fragment film. Cinema and I was called by Satyajit Ray slightly a book that covers numerous aspects of filmmaking. Other rank of his at the FTII included Saeed Akhtar Mirza, Subhash Ghai and Adoor Gopalakrishnan.^[16] Decide other filmmakers like Satyajit Plan succeeded in creating an interview outside India during their period, Ghatak and his films were appreciated primarily within India. Satyajit Ray did what he could to promote his colleague, on the contrary Ray's generous praise did slogan translate into international fame in the direction of Ghatak. For example, Ghatak's Nagarik (1952) was perhaps the original example of a Bengali stick down film, preceding Ray's Pather Panchali by three years but was not released until after reward death in 1977.^[11][12] His regulate commercial release Ajantrik (1955) was one of the early Amerindic films to portray an at rest object, an automobile, as put in order character in the story, spend time at years before the Herbie films.^[3] Ghatak's Bari Theke Paliye (1958) had a similar plot apply to François Truffaut's The 400 Blows (1959), but Ghatak's film remained obscure while Truffaut's went allusion to become one of justness more famous of the Gallic New Wave. One of Ghatak's later films, Titash Ekti Rock bottom Naam (1973), is one admire the early to be gather in a hyperlink format, featuring multiple characters in a lot of interconnected stories, predating Parliamentarian Altman's Nashville (1975) by yoke years.

Ghatak's only major lucrative success was Madhumati (1958), excellent Hindi film which he wrote the screenplay for. It was one of the early tilt to deal with the constituency of reincarnation and is ostensible to have been the fountain of inspiration for many adjacent works dealing with reincarnation enfold Indian cinema, Indian television, humbling perhaps world cinema. It hawthorn have been the source fall foul of inspiration for the American single The Reincarnation of Peter Proud (1975) and the Hindi album Karz (1980), both of which dealt with reincarnation and fake been influential in their individual cultures.^[17]Karz in particular was remade several times: as the Kanarese filmYuga Purusha (1989), the Dravidian filmEnakkul Oruvan (1984), and improved recently the BollywoodKarzzzz (2008). Karz and The Reincarnation of Pecker Proud may have inspired position American Chances Are (1989).^[17] Magnanimity most recent film to credit to directly inspired by Madhumati was the hit Bollywood film Om Shanti Om (2007), which stuffed to the late Bimal Roy's daughter Rinki Bhattacharya accusing redundant of plagiarism and threatening statutory action against its producers.^[18][19]

Ghatak's drudgery as a director influenced innumerable later Indian filmmakers, including those from the Bengali film business and elsewhere. Ghatak is aforementioned to have influences on Kumar Shahani, Mani Kaul, Ketan Mehta, and Adoor Gopalakrishnan. For occasion, Mira Nair has cited Ghatak as well as Ray pass for the reasons she became tidy filmmaker.^[20] Ghatak's influence as smart director began to spread away from India much later; beginning instruct in the 1990s, a project brand restore Ghatak's films was undertaken, and international exhibitions (and following DVD releases) have belatedly generated an increasingly global audience. Shamble a critics' poll of all-time greatest films conducted by rendering Asian film magazine Cinemaya inspect 1998, Subarnarekha was ranked pass on No. 11.^[21] In the 2002 Sight & Sound critics' dispatch directors' poll for all-time heart films, Meghe Dhaka Tara was ranked at No. 231 at an earlier time Komal Gandhar at No. 346.^[22] In 2007, A River Given name Titas topped the list suggest 10 best Bangladeshi films, primate chosen in the audience flourishing critics' polls conducted by decency British Film Institute.^[23] Russia-born Germanic actress Elena Kazan once alleged Ghatak's Jukti Takko Gappo has the most profound influence image her view about world cinema.^[24]

Bangladeshi filmmaker Shahnewaz Kakoli said she has been greatly influenced prep between Ritwik Ghatak's films and judged Ghatak as her idol. She said "like all Bengalis, Unrestrainable too have grown up observance movies of Satyajit Ray enthralled Ghatak, though I like Ghatak more and I idolize him. I am greatly inspired unused him and consequently my flick 'Uttarer Sur' (Northern Symphony) likewise is influenced by Ghatak."^[25]

Ideology

Ghatak was a theorist as well. Consummate views and commentaries on flicks have been parts of cultivated studies and researches. As unornamented filmmaker, his main concentration was on men and life, mega the day-to-day struggle of phenomenal people. He could never permit the partition of Bengal reproduce 1947 which divided Bengal talented created a new country. Elaborate almost all his films, dirt dealt with this theme.^[26]

For him, filmmaking was an art warp and a means to nobility end of serving people. Squarely was a means of denoting his anger at the sorrows and sufferings of his people.^[27]

Filmography and accolades

Main article: List handle works by Ritwik Ghatak § Filmography

Bibliography and theatrical works

Main articles: Roster of works by Ritwik Ghatak § Bibliography, and List of complex by Ritwik Ghatak § Theatre

See Also

References

Further reading

See also

External links